Episode 7: You Better Walk Right

How did these 95 people end up in Sugar Land to begin with? How one man’s remarkable life and tragic death reveal the truth about convict leasing in Texas.

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Collection of letters Dr. Thomas B. Grayson sent to his wife Carrie during the Civil War.

Source: Brazoria County Historical Museum

Letter from freedmen school teacher Watt Bonner to Joseph Welch, superintendent of Freedmen Bureau schools in Texas, dated Nov. 1868.

Source: National Museum of African American History and Culture, Smithsonian Institution

Section of the 1874 Annual Report of the Kansas Board of Commissioners on Public Institutions that details the poor condition of military prisoners received from Texas.

Source: Kansas State Library

Inspection reports detailing the conditions faced by convicts on the Cabiness Farm in March, July and Nov. 1878.

Source: Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Records culled from the Texas State Archives associated with the convict W. Bonner.

Source: Texas State Library and Archives Commission

Map of Sartartia Plantation, the estate of L.A. Ellis, surveyed and drawn by Jno. W. Maxey C.E.

Source: Woodson Research Center, Fondren Library, Rice University

The Jazz Review, Vol. 3, No. 5, from June 1960, featuring a reprinted article by Mack McCormick titled, "A Who’s Who of The Midnight Special."

Source: The Jazz Review, Inc.

1981 article by James Smallwood, Professor Emeritus of History at Oklahoma State University: "Black Education in Reconstruction Texas: the Contributions of the Freedmen's Bureau and Benevolent Societies."

Source: East Texas Historical Journal
ABOUT

The Sugar Land podcast is a production of Dot Productions and The Texas Newsroom, a public radio journalism collaboration that includes NPR, KERA in North Texas, Houston Public Media, KUT in Austin, Texas Public Radio in San Antonio and other stations across the state.
Co-hosts: Brittney Martin and Naomi Reed
Editor: Rachel Osier Lindley
Executive Producer: Brittney Martin
Engineer and Sound Designer: Jacob Rosati
Fact Checker: Billy Brennan
Audio Editor: Bennett Smith
Music: JaRon Marshall
Recording Engineer: Jake Perlman
Producer: Rafa Farihah
Managing Editor of The Texas Newsroom: Corrie MacLaggan
Website: Alan Bouzek
SUPPORT

The podcast and website were completed with the support of a grant from Columbia University's Ira A. Lipman Center for Journalism and Civil and Human Rights with funding provided by Arnold Ventures and a grant from the Convict Leasing and Labor Project.
The nonprofit collective Lawyers for Reporters and the SMU Dedman School of Law's First Amendment Clinic provided Dot Productions with pro bono legal assistance.

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